betterment software engineer interview

There needs to be a way to idempotently generate the CircleCI configuration (.circleci/config.yml) for all the projects in a repo at once. Instead, we automated the test setup by building tools that could snapshot our input data as of the time the error occurred. Normally, this is a process that can literally take years (and may explain why legacy investing services are slow to switch to algorithmic asset allocation and advice.) 100+ Betterment Interview Questions & Answers | Glassdoor First, an idiomatic setup stance. Was able to accommodate and expedite the process relative to my timeline. In certain scenarios, its undesirable to buy or to sell a specific fund because of tax consequences. I also pay attention to the use of appropriate design patterns and algorithms . Suraj Prasad. Continuous Delivery (CD) at scale is hard to get right. Another big resilience failure happens far earlier, during the enqueue step. Soon enough, I had not only expanded my knowledge of engineering best practices, but I learned about dividends, tax loss harvesting, and IRAs (it stands for individual retirement account, in case you were wondering). In order to avoid test inter-dependency issues, we can instead run our tests in a random order (per file) by passing the --test-randomize-ordering-seed flag to flutter test. But the era of the spreadsheet is over. Its our job to fine-tune these to help our clients, and its very important we have these decisions be robust to the widest possible array of potential futures they might face. Then Newman. Separation of concerns between how we accessed data in our system and the business logic defining algorithmic behavior. Dynamicism. A Guide to the Software Engineer Interview Process - Indeed Onboard new applications more quickly. When theres no more work to be had, the worker shuts itself down. Firstly, there wasnt a true entry point we could launch the app into because our app is add-to-app, meaning that the flutter code is embedded into our iOS and Android native applications rather than being a pure flutter app runnable from a main.dart entry point. That keeps us moving fast and not breaking things. The second area we wanted to stub out was the network. The first round of "in person" interviews. Needless to say I definitely wish I could stay and work with Betterment rather than going back to school next week, but todays society is under the strange impression that a college degree is important, so I guess Ill finish it out. 8.00% 6.000lbsofonions. 1 Betterment Junior Software Engineer interview questions and 1 interview reviews. Such linked websites are not monitored, investigated, or checked for accuracy or completeness by Betterment. the application or models in question dont have a concept of private data The flagged code isnt actually insecure: e.g. So does the delayed approach scale? 2 Alex Hidalgo, Implementing Service Level Objectives. The best way to avoid legacy code is to make a best effort at not writing in the first place. These interviews are in Ruby on Rails - know ruby on rails beforehand, since it is difficult to read / implement on the spot. Awesome, now that we have an app and a harness we can use to test it, how are the tests actually written? To get each amount, take the ratio of the contribution from your normal paycheck to the total of your normal paycheck, and multiply that by your bonus. This allows the view to be reusable. This post was written with Dan Egan. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . The calculator focuses on just one part of the broader set of retirement calculations, and doesnt have the functionality to automatically import customers existing information. We cant take negative ingredients from the store, so the lower bound it always 0. polling a database) can run on higher concurrency per CPU core to save overall resources. I have been interviewing Software Engineers for over 25 years and in my current role as CEO of Solution Street, I conduct, on average, two interviews a week. Weve started an internal roundtable to voice our concerns about gender inequality in the workplace, weve sponsored and hosted Women in Tech meetups, and were starting to collaborate with other companies to bring awareness to the issue. Our analytics and data science team at Betterment uses these data best practicesto quickly produce reliable and sophisticated insights to drive product and business decisions. To migrate to Airflow, were deprecating our Luigi solution on two fronts: cross-database replication and task orchestration. without the complication of a service boundary). Even though code reuse presented itself as a win, the larger concerns behind user experience, server lag, and new infrastructure overhead motivated us to rethink our approach, prioritizing the user experience and minimizing engineering overhead. It makes communicating with our regulators easier, and is doing so in a pretty impressive fashion. Tooling To simplify development, we use a lot of tooling and infrastructure developed both in-house and by the Julia community. Development Engineers have permissions to assume the secret-editor role for the security zones they have access to. Contributing toCI Before, if you wanted to add an additional linter or CI tool to our pipeline, it would require adding a few lines of untested bash code to an existing Jenkins job, or adding a new job to a precarious graph of jobs, and crossing your fingers that it would just work. The addition couldnt be tested and it was often only available to one project or one repository at a time. Code defines how your application behaves. if unit tests ran on 20 containers and 18 of them saw failures, only notify once) Only notifyonceabout all the green things Give as muchcontextas possible without being overwhelming: beconcisebutclear Next well explore the changes we made in content. to share a version of the Ruby-API package with the Ruby gem which wraps it) we also maintain a private package registry. Now lets try running Betterment/AuthorizationInController on the AttachmentLink example from earlier: $ rubocop app/controllers/documents/attachments_controller.rb Inspecting 1 file C Offenses: app/controllers/documents/attachments_controller.rb:3:24: C: Betterment/AuthorizationInController: Model created/updated using unsafe parameters. Collecting the SLIs and Creating the SLOs The SRE team has a web-app and CLI called coach that we use to manage continuous integration (CI) and continuous delivery (CD), among other things. While we tried to construct computer science and data modelling problems that led to informative interviews, watching candidates solve these problems still wasnt getting to the heart of whether theyd be successful engineers once at Betterment. For a basic example, you generally wont need to save a record to the database to test a validation. In Spring of 2017, Betterments Diversity & Inclusion Steering Committee partnered with our Engineering Team to bring on two developers with non-traditional backgrounds. When I started my engineering internship at Betterment, I barely knew anything about finance. Java Software Engineer - Interview Questions To Ask How is pay, wlb & work culture. I aced all my other onsite interviews and I currently have two offers from FAANG companies and a handful of offers from some other startups. Last but certainly not least is our new baby, the data warehouse. Heavy mocking can make tests harder to read, harder to maintain, and provide less assurance that code is working as expected. So the string option was appealing to us, but that workflow didnt have the best editing experience as it required multiple steps in order to encrypt a value, insert it into the correct file, and then export it into the environment like the12-factor appmethodology tells us we should. All crypto keys matchThere are checks to ensure the multi-region KMS key ARNs and backup PGP key fingerprint in the sops config file matches the intended security zones. We went with option 2. It is your responsibility to evaluate the accuracy, reliability, timeliness and completeness of any information available on a linked website. Your development is our priority. Extending AirflowCode Airflow tasks that pass data to each other can run on different machines, presenting a new challenge versus running everything on a single machine. A controller-level hook allowed us to easily distinguish which views were to display opt-out mode with a single line of code. We found just a few hardware type queues to be effective. Back in the Day Heres how our interview process once looked: Resum review Initial phone screen Technical phone screen Onsite: Day 1 Technical interview (computer science fundamentals) Technical interview (modelling and app design) Hiring manager interview Onsite: Day 2 Product and design interview Company founder interview Company executive interview While this process helped in growing our engineering team, it began showing some cracks along the way. We dont want to invest all of his money into a single fund. Server JavaScript: A Single-Page App ToA Single-Page App Betterment engineers recently migrated a single-page backbone app to a server-driven Rails experience. Discussion Finally, weve added an Ask-Me-Anything (AMA) sessionanother idea provided by our Women in Technology group. We find that there is a lot of value in structuring a system spec as an intuitively sensible user story - with realistic user motivations and behavior, sometimes including the user making mistakes, correcting them, and ultimately being successful. Betterment Interview Questions in New York City, NY The switch to Julia has allowed us not only to optimize and speed up our code by multiple orders of magnitude, but also has given us the environment and ecosystem to explore ideas that would simply not be possible in our previous implementations. While we didnt run a scientifically valid split-test for the new process versus the old (it wouldve taken years to reach statistical significance), our hiring metrics have improved across the board. In our new roles, we are now informing and guiding many of the ongoing product and marketing efforts at Betterment. More generally, Lets let be the expected value of holding fund F in account A. Circling back to the original problem, we want to rearrange the holdings in Joes accounts in a way thats maximally valuable in the future. You may have noticed that unlike the previous example, the vulnerable code doesnt directly reference a params.permit call or any of the parameter names, but the code was still flagged. We also manage a separate repository for SLO definitions. Similarly, even our authorized endpoints never allow one user to peer into another users object graph. This Ruby app needs to run integration tests! We also have a few heftier integration tests to confirm our expectations. Or ask the execs at JPMorgan who lost $6 billion in the London Whale trading debacle, also due in part of poor data practices in Excel. In this case, it meant paring the conditions down to making it work using just rails. This can make scheduling difficult, but in a city as competitive as New York is for engineering talent, weve found it valuable to get to the final offer stage as quickly as possible. For each project type we knew we would need to support: Static code analysis Unit tests Integration tests Build steps Test reports We define the specific jobs a project will run during CI by looking at theprojecttypevalue inside a projectscoach.yml. Each TradingConstraintGenerator knows about all of the system related data it needs to generate constraints. - Phone screen, nice recruiter. Of course, introducing the flag may cause some tests to begin failing. It also doesnt assist users in acting on the results it gives. SLOs (service level objectives) - including managing their error budgets - will permit us - our product engineering teams - to have the right conversations and make the right decisions about prioritization and resourcing so that we can balance our efforts spent on reliability and new product features, helping to ensure the long term happiness and confidence of our users (and engineers). Betterment Lead Software Engineer Interview Questions Additionally, request specs are much more realistic than controller specs since they actually exercise the full request / response lifecycle routing, middleware, etc whereas controller specs circumvent much of that process. To find a solution, we drew inspiration fromthe component approachused by modern design systems and JavaScript frameworks. A Functional Approach to Penny-Precise Allocation How we solved the problem allocating a sum of money proportionally across multiple buckets by leaning on functional programming. The content on this page is reflective of a specific point in time (as of the publication date). Take a look at our currently open roles. Now that we have our objective function and constraints set up, we just need to solve these equations. In the near term, look for smaller pieces of the analytical workflow which would benefit especially from the efficiencies of reproducible, programmatic analysis and reporting. And for our server, we need to add a route, a controller, a model, and a jbuilder to render that model as JSON. But that leaves us with a pretty large gap where it's way too easy for us to accidentally create a feature that depends on some Provider that's not provided and our app blows up at runtime in a user's hands. She and I started emailing and video chatting each other during my senior year of college, when I started working with her on the Big Dream Documentary and the International Womens Hackathon at the USA Science and Engineering Festival. However, in modern versions of Rails, that has changed. During our testing, we ran over 200,000 simulations of 12 daily level returns of our 12 asset classes for 20 year's worth of returns. For example, a controller that has different authorization restrictions because the actions it is performing are more dangerous might require additional testing. In this case, our fourth bucket and second bucket, respectively, are most deserving. This forces extra thought and extra conversation in code review to ensure that the usage is in fact safe. Dan Kubb's email & phone number - Senior Staff Software Engineer at This part will come off as if I'm full of myself, but my tech skills are fine. The last straw for using whiteboards came from feedback provided by Betterments Women in Technology group. Instead of multiple interviewers asking a candidate about the same questions based on their resum, we prescribe topics based on the most important core competencies of successful (Betterment) engineers. I got my first job at Intel, where I worked as a Scala developer. They should generally give you confidence that a particular model will do exactly what you intended it to do across a range of possible circumstances. Back-end Software Engineer Interview Questions Anonymous Interview Candidate in New York, NY, The process took 1 week. Secrets also define how your application behaves. Lets run the first cop, Betterment/UnscopedFind against DocumentsController from above: $ rubocop app/controllers/documents_controller.rb Inspecting 1 file C Offenses: app/controllers/documents_controller.rb:3:17: C: Betterment/UnscopedFind: Records are being retrieved directly using user input. Happy paths are non-exceptional flows (flows not based on bad user state or input). We would receive immediate feedback in the CircleCI interface when those jobs ran, and this feedback loop helped us iterate even faster. When we set up a new plugin and we wrap it in a class that we inject into our app. Byteboard. Given these reasons, Julia is the perfect language to serve as a solution to the two-language problem. Points for trying though, right? By partnering with Peoplism and building a long-term, action-oriented plan, were working to create real change in a sustainable fashion. One next step were excited about is an examination of our mentorship program to make sure that everyone at Betterment has access to mentors. Lets call it resilience. If we dont escape content properly, we could open ourselves and our customers up to security risks. First, the Monte Carlo The testing framework we used to assess our algorithmic strategies needed to fulfill a number of criteria to ensure we were making robust and informed decisions. The Code Solution: Make It Functional Given we have to manage penny allocations between a persons goals often throughout our codebase, the last thing wed want is to have to bake penny-pushing logic throughout our domain logic. At QCon London 2019, Steve Klabnik gave agreat talkon how the developers of the Rust programming language view tradeoffs in programming language design. Im also hoping that it will make tacking on additional rules painless in comparison to weaving them into a one off algorithm. During your interview, the interviewer may use your resume and cover letter as a reference to guide questions and additional interview topics. Beautifully designed technology, built by empathetic, rigorous engineers, is the key to making finance what it ought to be: a means to help people reach better outcomes and live better lives.. As an avid saver, Joe quickly reached his annual Roth IRA contribution limit of $5,500. However, with so many sources of input affecting the optimized result, writing tests to cover these cases was very labor-intensive. So weve established that we dont want to hit external services in tests, which we can do through WebMock or similar libraries. Also, if database changes are part of the project (e.g. Fewer alerts means the alerts should be something to take note of, and possibly take action on. What areas are you looking to grow in? We write our tests, called specs (short for specification) with RSpec and Capybara. That's what we do here at Betterment, come join us! The flag takes a seed that can be one of two things, either a 32 bit unsigned integer or the word random. Consider a controller that links attachments to a given document. To capture that idea, we introduced a concept we call security zones into sopsorific. Given the changes in Rails and the limitations of controller specs, weve changed our stance. They were happy to answer any questions I had and were very thorough in explaining what to expect and their expectations. It was clear this part of the interviewing process needed to go. This also meant that we ended up with an API that fit our exact needs rather than having to reframe our approach to fit what nock was able to offer us. We realized that the dependency graph of repository projects project jobs was complicated enough that we would need to recreate the entire.circleci/config.ymlfile whenever we needed to update it, instead of just modifying the YAML file in place. I interviewed at Betterment (New York, NY) in Jun 2019. Phone call + take home test prior to onsite. Legacy code can take a long time to properly test and remove. We hone our interview process to ensure youre able to show us your best self. If we did away with the whiteboard, then what would we use? What does it mean to escapecontent? Whats the best way to have a lack of compensation and incentive conversation in your department? Any insights would be helpful. Therefore, to make sure we limit chicken to 40% of the overall ingredients, one element of the constraints tuple will be, {'type':'ineq', 'fun':lambdax:sum(extract_ingredient_specific_pounds(x,chicken))(calc_total_pounds_of_food(x)*.4)} Making sure the soup nazi is able to carry everything back from the store: 12a1a2a7>=0 17d1d2d7>=17 Leads to, {'type':'ineq', 'fun':lambdax:max_per_store[store]np.sum(extract_store_specific_pounds(x,store))} Hopefully this gives you enough information to make sense of the code example.

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